Publications by year
In Press
Day B (In Press). Value of greenspace under lockdown in England. Environmental and Resource Economics
2023
Bateman IJ, Anderson K, Argles A, Belcher C, Betts RA, Binner A, Brazier RE, Cho FHT, Collins RM, Day BH, et al (2023). A review of planting principles to identify the right place for the right tree for ‘net zero plus’ woodlands: Applying a place-based natural capital framework for sustainable, efficient and equitable (SEE) decisions.
People and Nature,
5(2), 271-301.
Abstract:
A review of planting principles to identify the right place for the right tree for ‘net zero plus’ woodlands: Applying a place-based natural capital framework for sustainable, efficient and equitable (SEE) decisions
We outline the principles of the natural capital approach to decision making and apply these to the contemporary challenge of very significantly expanding woodlands as contribution to attaining net zero emissions of greenhouse gases. Drawing on the case of the UK, we argue that a single focus upon carbon storage alone is likely to overlook the other ‘net zero plus’ benefits which woodlands can deliver. A review of the literature considers the wide variety of potential benefits which woodlands can provide, together with costs such as foregone alternative land uses. We argue that decision making must consider all of these potential benefits and costs for the right locations to be planted with the right trees. The paper closes by reviewing the decision support systems necessary to incorporate this information into policy and decision making. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Abstract.
DOI.
Delafield G, Smith GS, Day B, Holland R, Lovett A (2023). Correction to: the Financial and Environmental Consequences of Renewable Energy Exclusion Zones.
Environmental and Resource Economics DOI.
Faccioli M, Zonneveld S, Tyler CR, Day B (2023). Does local Natural Capital Accounting deliver useful policy and management information? a case study of Dartmoor and Exmoor National Parks.
J Environ Manage,
327Abstract:
Does local Natural Capital Accounting deliver useful policy and management information? a case study of Dartmoor and Exmoor National Parks.
Natural capital accounting provides a systematic framework through which to quantify the benefits of natural assets. National-scale applications have demonstrated the feasibility of developing such accounts and their value as a tool to support environmental policy and management decisions. Building on that success, there have been increasing calls for sub-national organisations (for example, protected area authorities and water companies) to develop their own natural capital accounts. As we document in this paper, recent efforts by local organisations in the UK to produce such accounts have tended to rely on a set of 'standard practice' methods, many borrowed directly from national natural capital accounting exercises. In this paper, we review those methods and apply them in producing natural capital accounts for two UK National Parks. Working with the National Park Authorities, we critically assess the usefulness of those accounts to inform local land management. On account of data gaps and significant sensitivity to methodological assumptions, our research shows that these local accounts are considered of limited practical use for land management decision making at a local scale. Through specific illustrative examples, we show that natural capital accounts for local decision-making can be improved through: the inclusion of fit-for-purpose data and valuation methods, the consideration of uncertainties, and the incorporation of ecological information and spatial aspects. We also highlight the need for the development of both standardised guidelines and readily-available tools to quantify and value ecosystem services.
Abstract.
Author URL.
DOI.
Delafield G, Smith GS, Day B, Holland R, Lovett A (2023). The Financial and Environmental Consequences of Renewable Energy Exclusion Zones.
Environmental and Resource EconomicsAbstract:
The Financial and Environmental Consequences of Renewable Energy Exclusion Zones
AbstractAs countries decarbonise, the competition for land between energy generation, nature conservation and food production will likely increase. To counter this, modelling, and sometimes energy policies, use exclusion zones to restrict energy deployment from land deemed as important to society. This paper applies the spatially-explicit ADVENT-NEV model to Great Britain to determine the cost imposed on the energy system when either environmental or food production exclusion zones are applied. Results show that exclusion zones impose a cost of up to £0.63 billion (B), £19.17 B and £1.33 B for the solar, wind, and bioenergy pathways. These costs give an indication of the value being placed on protecting these areas of land. When multiple exclusions are imposed on bioenergy, the high pathway is infeasible indicating a more flexible approach may be needed to meet net zero ambitions. The model also shows how the value of ecosystem services changes when exclusion zones are applied, highlighting how some exclusions increase non-market costs whereas others decrease them. In several cases exclusion zones are shown to increase social costs, the opposite of their intended use. For these exclusions to be justifiable, the unobserved values missing from the model must be as large as these increases.
Abstract.
DOI.
2022
Faccioli M, Law C, Caine C, Berger N, Yan X, Weninger F, Guell C, Day B, Smith R, Bateman I, et al (2022). Combined carbon and health taxes outperform single-purpose information or fiscal measures in designing sustainable food policies.
Nature Food,
3, 331-340.
Abstract:
Combined carbon and health taxes outperform single-purpose information or fiscal measures in designing sustainable food policies
The food system is a major source of both environmental and health challenges. Yet, the extent to which policy-induced changes in the patterns of food demand address these challenges remains poorly understood. Using a randomised-controlled survey of 5,912 respondents from the United Kingdom (UK), we evaluate the potential impact of carbon and/or health taxes, information and combined tax and information strategies on food purchase patterns and their resulting impact on greenhouse gas emissions and dietary health. Our results show that while information on the carbon and/or health characteristics of food is not irrelevant, it is the imposition of taxes which exerts the most substantial effects on food purchasing decisions. Furthermore, while carbon or health taxes are best at separately targeting emissions and health challenges respectively, a combined carbon and health tax policy maximises benefits both in terms of environmental and health outcomes. We show that such a combined policy could contribute to around one third of the residual emission reductions required to achieve the UK’s 2050 net zero commitments, while discouraging the purchase of unhealthy snacks, sugary drinks and alcohol and increasing the purchase of fruit and vegetables.
Abstract.
DOI.
Delafield G (2022). Spatial optimisation of renewable energy deployment in Great Britain: a natural capital analysis.
Abstract:
Spatial optimisation of renewable energy deployment in Great Britain: a natural capital analysis
Transitioning global energy systems towards low carbon energy sources will be essential if countries are to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to limit global warming to less than 2°C degrees. As countries decarbonise their energy systems, the need to determine the best locations for renewable energy infrastructure whilst balancing trade-offs between affordability, food security, and nature protection is of paramount importance. By incorporating the natural capital approach into energy modelling, this thesis presents the ADVENT-NEV model, a spatially-explicit cost minimisation model which determines the optimal locations for solar farms, onshore wind farms, bioenergy power stations and their bioenergy crops in Great Britain (GB) considering both market and non-market costs (i.e. ecosystem services).
This thesis makes several empirical contributions to the energy modelling literature. It highlights that when non-market costs are excluded from decision-making, the welfare loss associated with energy transitions could be up to £5 billion. By applying the natural capital approach, however, the ADVENT-NEV model is able to determine locations for energy infrastructure which minimise the social cost of the energy system. For example, it identifies locations where bioenergy crops could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration. It concludes however that the expansion of bioenergy crops has the potential to result in a net emission of greenhouse gases; this is concerning given the emphasis being placed on bioenergy to provide carbon sequestration services in GB. This thesis also identifies how restricting bioenergy crops from being grown on National Parks, AONB, peatland and high-grade agricultural land results in even low bioenergy targets being infeasible due to the lack of suitable land.
This thesis has demonstrated the critical role that the natural capital approach and high spatial resolution data could play in future energy decision-making. Failure to incorporate spatial environmental data into energy modelling risks overlooking the economic, spatial and social implications of transitioning to a low carbon energy system.
Abstract.
2021
Fairchild T, Bennett W, Smith G, Day B, Skov M, Möller I, Beaumont N, Karunarathna H, Griffin J (2021). Coastal wetlands mitigate storm flooding and associated costs in estuaries.
DOI.
Fairchild TP, Bennett WG, Smith G, Day B, Skov MW, Moeller I, Beaumont N, Karunarathna H, Griffin JN (2021). Coastal wetlands mitigate storm flooding and associated costs in estuaries.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,
16(7).
Author URL.
DOI.
Finch T, Day BH, Massimino D, Redhead JW, Field RH, Balmford A, Green RE, Peach WJ (2021). Evaluating spatially explicit sharing-sparing scenarios for multiple environmental outcomes.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY,
58(3), 655-666.
Author URL.
DOI.
2020
Bateman IJ, Binner A, Smith G, Day B, Fezzi C, Rusby A, Welters R (2020). Chapter 15 - United Kingdom: Public and Private Sector Payments for Ecosystem Services. In (Ed) Integration, Valuation, Targeting and Efficient Delivery of Public and Private Sector Payments for Ecosystem Services in the UK.
Ritchie P, Smith G, Davis K, Fezzi C, Halleck-Vega S, Harper A, Boulton C, Binner A, Day B, Gallego-Sala A, et al (2020). Shifts in national land use and food production in Great Britain after a climate tipping point.
Nature Food,
1, 76-83.
DOI.
Day BH (2020). The Value of Greenspace Under Pandemic Lockdown.
ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCE ECONOMICS,
76(4), 1161-1185.
Author URL.
DOI.
Bateman I, Binner A, Day B, Faccioli M, Fezzi C, Rusby A, Smith G (2020). The natural capital approach to integrating science, economics and policy into decisions affecting the natural environment. In Sutherland W, Brotherton P, Davis Z, Ockendon N, Pettorelli N, Vickery J (Eds.)
Conservation Research, Policy and Practice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 198-217.
Abstract:
The natural capital approach to integrating science, economics and policy into decisions affecting the natural environment
Abstract.
2019
Smith GS, Day B, Binner A (2019). Multiple‑Purchaser Payments for Ecosystem Services: an Exploration Using Spatial Simulation Modelling.
Environmental and Resource EconomicsAbstract:
Multiple‑Purchaser Payments for Ecosystem Services: an Exploration Using Spatial Simulation Modelling
This paper focuses on the issue of payments for ecosystem services (PES) mechanism design when the activity incentivised through the scheme benefits multiple groups, each of whom might be prepared to contribute to payments made through the scheme. In particular, we examine spatial coordination on the demand side of the market; that is to say, the question of which beneficiary of the PES scheme buys land-management changes on which land parcels. We show through spatial simulation modelling that it is possible for negotiation to lead to Pareto improvements when compared to solutions reached through non-cooperative strategic solutions; however, we also show that this result is not universal and only holds under certain conditions. In particular, the spatial correlation and spatial interdependence of the ecosystem service benefits are key in determining whether negotiation between beneficiaries is optimal and therefore if policy makers and designers of PES schemes should be prioritising bringing together multiple beneficiaries of ecosystem services.
Abstract.
DOI.
Smith G, Day B, Bateman IJ (2019). Preference Uncertainty as an Explanation of Anomalies in Contingent Valuation: Coastal Management in the UK.
Regional Environmental Change DOI.
Day BH, Bateman I, Binner A, Ferrini S, Fezzi C (2019). Structurally-consistent estimation of use and nonuse values for landscape-wide environmental change.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,
98 DOI.
Bateman IJ, Balmford B, Bolt K, Day B, Ferrini S (2019). The value of statistical life for adults and children:. Comparisons of the contingent valuation and chained approaches.
Resource and Energy Economics,
57, 68-84.
DOI.
2018
Davis KJ, Binner A, Bell A, Day B, Poate T, Rees S, Smith G, Wilson K, Bateman I (2018). A generalizable integrated natural capital methodology for targeting investment in coastal defence.
Journal of Environmental Economics & Policy DOI.
Day B, Smith GS (2018). Outdoor Recreation Valuation (ORVal) User Guide: Version 2.0., Land, Environment, Economics and Policy (LEEP) Institute, Business School, University of Exeter.
Binner A, Smith G, Faccioli M, Bateman I, Day B, Agarwala M, Harwood A (2018).
Valuing the social and environmental contribution of woodlands and trees
in England, Scotland and Wales. Second edition: to 2018., Land, Environment, Economics and Policy Institute (LEEP) University of Exeter Business School.
Abstract:
Valuing the social and environmental contribution of woodlands and trees
in England, Scotland and Wales. Second edition: to 2018
Abstract.
2017
Smith GS, Day B (2017). Addressing the Collective Action Problem in Multiple-purchaser PES: an Experimental Investigation of Negotiated Payment Contributions.
Ecological Economics,
144, 36-58.
DOI.
Binner AR, Day BH (2017). How Property Markets Determine Welfare Outcomes: an Equilibrium Sorting Model Analysis of Local Environmental Interventions.
Environmental and Resource EconomicsAbstract:
How Property Markets Determine Welfare Outcomes: an Equilibrium Sorting Model Analysis of Local Environmental Interventions
This paper examines the pivotal role played by property markets in determining the magnitude and distribution of welfare changes resulting from localised environmental change. We address that issue using an equilibrium sorting model (ESM) calibrated, by way of example, to the circumstances of a road infrastructure project in the English town of Polegate. Previous ESM research has tended to assume that all households rent property from a fixed property stock. The narrative that arises from those models concerns environmental gentrification, wherein access to environmentally improved locations is appropriated by the relatively wealthy through their ability to out-compete the less wealthy in the rental property market. Our research shows that to be only part of a much more complex story. We develop a model that extends the sophistication with which ESMs replicate property market dynamics, allowing for households to choose whether to rent or purchase their home and introducing greater realism into housing supply responses to changing market conditions. Our research shows that property markets redistribute welfare gains across the population in complex ways in which tenure choice and housing supply constraints play central roles.
Abstract.
DOI.
Day B, Smith GS (2017). The ORVal Recreation Demand Model., Land, Environment, Economics and Policy (LEEP) Institute, Business School, University of Exeter.
Binner AR, smith G, bateman I, day BH, agarwala M, harwood A (2017). Valuing the social and environmental contribution of woodlands and trees in England, Scotland and Wales.
2016
Day B, Smith GS (2016). Outdoor Recreation Valuation (ORVal) User Guide: Version 1.0., Land, Environment, Economics and Policy (LEEP) Institute, University of Exeter.
Bateman I, Agarwala M, Binner A, Coombes E, Day B, Ferrini S, Fezzi C, Hutchins M, Lovett A, Posen P, et al (2016). Spatially explicit integrated modeling and economic valuation of climate driven land use change and its indirect effects.
J Environ Manage,
181, 172-184.
Abstract:
Spatially explicit integrated modeling and economic valuation of climate driven land use change and its indirect effects.
We present an integrated model of the direct consequences of climate change on land use, and the indirect effects of induced land use change upon the natural environment. The model predicts climate-driven shifts in the profitability of alternative uses of agricultural land. Both the direct impact of climate change and the induced shift in land use patterns will cause secondary effects on the water environment, for which agriculture is the major source of diffuse pollution. We model the impact of changes in such pollution on riverine ecosystems showing that these will be spatially heterogeneous. Moreover, we consider further knock-on effects upon the recreational benefits derived from water environments, which we assess using revealed preference methods. This analysis permits a multi-layered examination of the economic consequences of climate change, assessing the sequence of impacts from climate change through farm gross margins, land use, water quality and recreation, both at the individual and catchment scale.
Abstract.
Author URL.
DOI.
2015
Binner A, Day B (2015). Exploring mortgage interest deduction reforms: an equilibrium sorting model with endogenous tenure choice.
Journal of Public Economics,
122, 40-54.
DOI.
Elliott J, Day B, Jones G, Binner A, Smith GS, Skirvin D, Boatman ND, Tweedie F (2015). Scoping the strengths and weaknesses of different auction and PES mechanisms for Countryside Stewardship.
2013
Bateman IJ, Harwood AR, Mace GM, Watson RT, Abson DJ, Andrews B, Binner A, Crowe A, Day BH, Dugdale S, et al (2013). Bringing ecosystem services into economic decision-making: land use in the United Kingdom.
Science,
341(6141), 45-50.
Abstract:
Bringing ecosystem services into economic decision-making: land use in the United Kingdom.
Landscapes generate a wide range of valuable ecosystem services, yet land-use decisions often ignore the value of these services. Using the example of the United Kingdom, we show the significance of land-use change not only for agricultural production but also for emissions and sequestration of greenhouse gases, open-access recreational visits, urban green space, and wild-species diversity. We use spatially explicit models in conjunction with valuation methods to estimate comparable economic values for these services, taking account of climate change impacts. We show that, although decisions that focus solely on agriculture reduce overall ecosystem service values, highly significant value increases can be obtained from targeted planning by incorporating all potential services and their values and that this approach also conserves wild-species diversity.
Abstract.
Author URL.
DOI.
Bateman IJ, Harwood AR, Mace GM, Watson RT, Abson DJ, Andrews B, Binner A, Crowe A, Day BH, Dugdale S, et al (2013). Ecosystem Services: Nature's Balance Sheet Response.
SCIENCE,
342(6157), 421-422.
Author URL.
Bateman IJ, Harwood AR, Mace GM, Watson RT, Abson DJ, Andrews B, Binner A, Crowe A, Day BH, Dugdale S, et al (2013). Ecosystem services: response.
Science,
342(6157), 421-422.
Author URL.
DOI.
2012
Bateman I, Binner A, Coombes E, Day B, Ferrini S, Fezzi C, Hutchins M, Posen P (2012). Integrated and spatially explicit modelling of the economic value of complex environmental change and its indirect effects.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-40.
Abstract:
Integrated and spatially explicit modelling of the economic value of complex environmental change and its indirect effects
Arguably the greatest challenge to contemporary research is to capture the inter-relatedness and complexity of the real world environment within models so at to better inform decision makers of the accurate and complete consequences of differing options. The paper presents an integrated model of the consequence of climate change upon land use and the secondary and subsequent effects arising subsequently. The model predicts the shift in land use which climate change is likely to induce and the impacts upon farm gross margins arising from this. However, both the direct driver of climate change and the induced shift in land use patterns will cause secondary effects upon the water environment for which agriculture is the major source of diffuse pollution. We model the consequent impact of changes in such pollution upon water ecology showing that these will be spatially specific and significant. These impacts are likely to cause further knock-on effects upon the recreational benefits of water environments and these are assessed using a spatially explicit revealed preference database. Taken together this analysis permits a holistic examination of a much wider range of effects and net value consequences arising from climate change impacts upon land use.
Abstract.
Day B, Bateman IJ, Carson RT, Dupont D, Louviere JJ, Morimoto S, Scarpa R, Wang P (2012). Ordering effects and choice set awareness in repeat-response stated preference studies.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,
63(1), 73-91.
Abstract:
Ordering effects and choice set awareness in repeat-response stated preference studies
We present an experiment designed to investigate the presence and nature of ordering effects within repeat-response stated preference (SP) studies. Our experiment takes the form of a large sample, full-factorial, discrete choice SP exercise investigating preferences for tap water quality improvements. Our study simultaneously investigates a variety of different forms of position-dependent and precedent-dependent ordering effect in preferences for attributes and options and in response randomness. We also examine whether advanced disclosure of the choice tasks impacts on the probability of exhibiting ordering effects of those different types. We analyze our data both non-parametrically and parametrically and find robust evidence for ordering effects. We also find that the patterns of order effect in respondents' preferences are significantly changed but not eradicated by the advanced disclosure of choice tasks a finding that offers insights into the choice behaviors underpinning order effects. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
Abstract.
DOI.
2011
Kirkby CA, Giudice R, Day B, Turner K, Soares-Filho BS, Oliveira-Rodrigues H, Yu DW (2011). Closing the ecotourism-conservation loop in the Peruvian Amazon.
Environmental Conservation,
38, 6-17.
DOI.
2010
Day BH, Loomes G (2010). Conflicting violations of transitivity and where they may lead us.
Theory and Decision,
68, 233-242.
DOI.
Parry L, Day B, Amaral S, Peres CA (2010). Drivers of rural exodus from Amazonian headwaters.
Population and Environment,
32, 137-176.
DOI.
Day B, Pinto Prades J-L (2010). Ordering anomalies in choice experiments.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,
59, 7675-7697.
DOI.
Parry L, Peres CA, Day B, Amaral S (2010). Rural-urban migration brings conservation threats and opportunities to Amazonian watersheds.
Conservation Letters,
3, 251-259.
DOI.
Kirkby CA, Giudice-Granados R, Day B, Turner K, Velarde-Andrade LM, Duenas-Duenas A, Lara-Rivas JC, Yu DW (2010). The market triumph of ecotourism: an economic investigation of the private and social benefits of competing land uses in the Peruvian Amazon.
PLoS ONE,
5 DOI.
2009
Bateman IJ, Day BH, Dupont D, Georgiou S (2009). Procedural invariance testing of the one-and-one-half-bound dichotomous choice elicitation method.
The Review of Economics and Statistics,
91, 806-820.
DOI.
Bateman IJ, Day BH, Jones AP, Jude S (2009). Reducing gain-loss asymmetry: a virtual reality choice experiment valuing land use change.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,
58(1), 106-118.
Abstract:
Reducing gain-loss asymmetry: a virtual reality choice experiment valuing land use change
In the majority of choice experiments (CEs) the attributes of non-market goods are conveyed to respondents as a table of numeric and/or categorical data. Recent research suggests that respondents may have difficulties evaluating data in this format. In the context of a CE eliciting preferences for changes in coastal land use, this study uses a split-sample experiment to compare standard presentations with virtual reality (VR) visualisations conveying objectively identical information. We find that compared to the standard presentation, preferences elicited in VR treatments are less variable and exhibit a significant reduction in asymmetry between willingness to pay (WTP) for gains and willingness to accept (WTA) for corresponding losses. We conjecture that the greater 'evaluability' of the VR presentation reduces respondent judgement error and moderates reliance on the loss-aversion heuristic. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Abstract.
DOI.
Day B, Bateman IJ, Carson RT, Dupont D, Louviere JJ, Morimoto S, Scarpa R, Wang P (2009). Task independence in stated preference studies: a test of order effect explanations.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-40.
Abstract:
Task independence in stated preference studies: a test of order effect explanations
We present an experiment designed to investigate the presence and nature of ordering effects within repeated response stated preference studies. We formulate a general structural model of such effects and use this to isolate signature patterns for position-dependent effects (learning about preferences or institutions, and the impact of fatigue) and precedent-dependent effects (starting point effects, reference pricing and various forms of strategic behavior). This is tested within a large sample, full factorial study designed to mitigate against misspecification bias and design-induced error variance problems. Non-parametric and parametric analyses are applied, the latter adopting a novel data-driven approach to the detection of ordering patterns. While we find little evidence of position dependent effects, we do find evidence of a starting point effect and various types of strategic behavior including a reference price effect where respondents tend to reject alternatives that are priced higher than recently seen alternatives.
Abstract.
2008
Bateman IJ, Carson RT, Day B, Dupont D, Louviere JJ, Morimoto S, Scarpa R, Wang P (2008). Choice set awareness and ordering effects in discrete choice experiments.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-45.
Abstract:
Choice set awareness and ordering effects in discrete choice experiments
The choice experiment elicitation format confronts survey respondents with repeated choice tasks. Particularly within the context of valuing pure public goods, this repetition raises two issues. First, does advanced awareness of multiple tasks influence stated preferences from the outset, and second, even in the absence of such awareness, does the process of working through a series of choice tasks influence stated preferences leading to choice outcomes that are dependent on the order in which a question is answered? the possible motivators of these effects include economic-theoretic reasons such as strategic behavior, as well as behavioral explanations such as response heuristics and learning effects. A case study of a familiar good (drinking water quality) combines a split sample treatment of the presence/absence of advanced awareness with a full factorial design permitting systematic variation of the order in which choices are presented to respondents. A further sample division allows examination of effects arising from variation in the scope of the initial good presented to respondents. Using discrete choice panel data estimators we show that both advanced awareness and order effects exist alongside interactions with the scope of the initial good.
Abstract.
Ferrini S, Fezzi C, Day BH, Bateman IJ (2008). Valuing spatially dispersed environmental goods: a joint revealed and stated preference model to consistently separate use and non-use values.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-25.
Abstract:
Valuing spatially dispersed environmental goods: a joint revealed and stated preference model to consistently separate use and non-use values
We argue that the literature concerning the valuation of non-market, spatially defined goods (such as those provided by the natural environment) is crucially deficient in two respects. First, it fails to employ a theoretically consistent structural model of utility to the separate and hence correct definition of use and non-use values. Second, applications (particularly those using stated preference methods) typically fail to capture the spatially complex distribution of resources and their substitutes within analyses, again leading to error. This paper proposes a new methodology for addressing both issues simultaneously. We combine revealed (travel cost) and stated preference (choice experiment) data within a random utility model formulated from first principles to yield a theoretically consistent distinction between the use and non-use value of improvements in a non-market natural resource. The model is specified to relate both types of value to the attributes of the good in question including the spatial arrangement of the resource under consideration and its substitutes. We test the properties of the model using data simulated from a real world case study examining an improvement of open-access waters to good ecological standards. Through a Monte Carlo experiment we show that both use and non-use parameters can be precisely estimated from a modest sample of observations.
Abstract.
2007
Day B, Bateman I, Lake I (2007). Beyond implicit prices: Recovering theoretically consistent and transferable values for noise avoidance from a hedonic property price model.
Environmental and Resource Economics,
37(1), 211-232.
Abstract:
Beyond implicit prices: Recovering theoretically consistent and transferable values for noise avoidance from a hedonic property price model
Using a two-stage hedonic pricing methodology we estimate a system of structural demand equations for different sources of transport-related noise. In the first stage, we identify market segments using model-based clustering techniques and estimate separate hedonic price functions (HPFs) for each segment. In so doing, we show how a semiparametric spatial smoothing estimator outperforms other standard specifications of the HPF. In the second stage, we control for non-linearity of the budget constraint and identify demand relationships using techniques that account for problems of endogeneity and censoring of the dependent variable. Our estimated demand functions provide welfare estimates for peace and quiet that we believe to be the first derived from property market data in a theoretically consistent manner. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
Abstract.
DOI.
Bateman I, Day B, Loomes G, Sugden R (2007). Can ranking techniques elicit robust values?.
Journal of Risk and Uncertainty,
34(1), 49-66.
Abstract:
Can ranking techniques elicit robust values?
This paper reports two experiments which examine the use of ranking methods to elicit 'certainty equivalent' values. It investigates whether such methods are able to eliminate the disparities between choice and value which constitute the 'preference reversal phenomenon' and which thereby pose serious problems for both theory and policy application. The results show that ranking methods are vulnerable to distorting effects of their own, but that when such effects are controlled for, the preference reversal phenomenon, previously so strong and striking, is very considerably attenuated. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.
Abstract.
DOI.
Nellthorp J, Bristow A, Day B (2007). Cost-benefit values for surface transport noise: Derivation, application and international comparisons.
Abstract:
Cost-benefit values for surface transport noise: Derivation, application and international comparisons
Abstract.
Day B (2007). Distribution-free estimation with interval-censored contingent valuation data: Troubles with Turnbull?. Environmental and Resource Economics, 37, 777-795.
Nellthorp JA, Bristow A, Day BH (2007). Introducing willingness-to-pay for noise changes into transport appraisal: an application of benefit transfer.
Transport Reviews,
27, 1-27.
DOI.
2006
Day BH, Bateman IJ, Lake IR (2006). A hedonic pricing analysis of road traffic noise. In Pearce DW (Ed) Valuing the Environment in Developed Countries, Edward Elgar.
Bateman IJ, Brouwer R, Davies H, Day BH, Deflandre A, Di Falco S, Georgiou S, Hadley D, Hutchins M, Jones AP, et al (2006). Analysing the agricultural costs and non-market benefits of implementing the Water Framework Directive.
Journal of Agricultural Economics,
57(2), 221-237.
Abstract:
Analysing the agricultural costs and non-market benefits of implementing the Water Framework Directive
Implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) represents a fundamental change in the management of water in Europe with a requirement that member states ensure 'good ecological status' for all water bodies by 2015. Agriculture is expected to bear a major share of WFD implementation costs as it is compelled to reduce the emission of diffuse water pollutants. The research outlined here comprises interdisciplinary modelling of agricultural land use, hydrology and consequent water quality effects to consider both agricultural costs and the non-market recreational use (and potentially non-use) values that implementation of the Directive may generate. A theme throughout the research is the spatial distribution of the costs and benefits of WFD implementation, which is addressed through the use of GIS techniques in the modelling of agricultural land use, the integration of land use and hydrological models, and the estimation, aggregation and transfer of the economic value of the benefits. © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Abstract.
DOI.
Bateman IJ, Brouwer R, Davies H, Day BH, Deflandre A, Falco SD, Georgiou S, Hadley D, Hutchins M, Jones AP, et al (2006). Catchment hydrology, resources, economics and management (ChREAM): Integrated modelling of rural kand use & farm income impacts of the WFD and its potential non-market benefits.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-21.
Abstract:
Catchment hydrology, resources, economics and management (ChREAM): Integrated modelling of rural kand use & farm income impacts of the WFD and its potential non-market benefits
The paper outlines a programme of research funded under the Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. The proposed research will examine the likely effects of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) in terms of both its impacts upon the farming sector and the non-market benefits it may generate. From an agricultural perspective the WFD will impose a substantial extension of controls upon diffuse pollution from farms. A major objective of the research will be to assess the likely response and consequent economic costs to an already fragile farming sector. This objective will be addressed via a highly interdisciplinary methodology combining hydrological and other physical sciences with quantitative and qualitative socio-economic analyses to generate an integrated hydrological-economic model of farm activities and incomes. This will dynamically link farm local and regional activities to water standards, allowing feedback loops to indicate the impacts of altering farm activity and changing water quality targets. Model parameters and response scenarios will initially be established via quantitative estimation and then refined through a series of farm attitude and behaviour surveys. This cost-effectiveness analysis will be complemented by an assessment of the benefits arising from the WFD and an aggregation and equity analysis of the distribution of both costs and benefits. Planned deliverables include assessments of the impact of alternative WFD implementation strategies allowing policy makers to inspect effects upon farmer and the wider community at a variety of spatial scales.
Abstract.
Bateman I, Day B, Dupont D, Matias NG, Morimoto S (2006). Chapter 15: Cost–Benefit Analysis and the Prevention of Eutrophication. In (Ed)
Environmental Valuation in Developed Countries.
DOI.
Day B, Bateman I, Lake I (2006). Chapter 17: Hedonic Price Analysis of Road Traffic Noise Nuisance. In (Ed)
Environmental Valuation in Developed Countries.
DOI.
Bateman I, Day B, Dupont D, Georgiou S, Matias NG, Morimoto S, Subramanian L (2006). Cost-benefit analysis and the prevention of eutrophication. In (Ed) Environmental Valuation in Developed Countries: Case studies, 317-339.
Bateman I, Day B, Dupont D, Georgiou S, Matias NGN, Morimoto S, Subramanian L (2006). Does phosphate treatment for prevention of eutrophication pass the benefit-cost test?.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-25.
Abstract:
Does phosphate treatment for prevention of eutrophication pass the benefit-cost test?
Over the past few decades the problem of eutrophication of water bodies has accelerated due to large additions of nutrients from human sources. This paper conducts a contingent valuation of household willingness to pay to reduce eutrophication impacts. The application employs the recently proposed one-and-one-half-bound dichotomous choice method for eliciting willingness to pay responses. It is also novel in that an examination of the rate and determinants of survey participation are analysed allowing superior aggregation of total values by allowing for those who refuse to be interviewed. A simple cost benefit analysis of anti-pollution measures is also reported.
Abstract.
Day B, Bateman I, Lake I (2006). Estimating the demand for peace and quiet using property market data.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-37.
Abstract:
Estimating the demand for peace and quiet using property market data
For many industrialised nations environmental noise is emerging as a local pollutant of major concern. Incorporating such concerns into policy guidance tools such as social cost benefit analysis requires estimates of the monetised benefits of noise reduction. Using a two-stage hedonic pricing methodology we estimate a system of structural demand equations for different sources of transport-related noise. Our application applies state-of-the-art econometric techniques. In the first stage, we identify market segments using model-based clustering techniques and estimate separate hedonic price functions for each segment. We spatially smooth the data to account for omitted spatial covariates and employ a semiparametric estimator to allow flexibility in functional form. In the second stage, we control for nonlinearity of the budget constraint and identify demand relationships using techniques that account for problems of endogeneity and censoring of the dependent variable. We report welfare estimates for peace and quiet that we believe to be the first derived from property market data in a theoretically consistent manner.
Abstract.
Day B, Bateman I, Lake I (2006). Hedonic price analysis of road traffic noise nuisance. In (Ed) Environmental Valuation in Developed Countries: Case studies, 363-406.
Bateman IJ, Jones AP, Jude S, Day BH (2006). Reducing gains/loss asymmetry: a virtual reality choice experiment (VRCE) valuing land use change.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-28.
Abstract:
Reducing gains/loss asymmetry: a virtual reality choice experiment (VRCE) valuing land use change
Recent research suggests that, in some situations, numeric information may lack the 'evaluability' of visual representations of the same data. In such cases, reliance upon numeric information exacerbates tendencies for survey respondents to rely upon heuristics rather than their underlying preferences in formulating responses. Adapting such insights to the field of non-market valuation, for certain environmental goods, information on increases or decreases in the numeric levels of an attributes may trigger reliance upon the loss aversion heuristic, leading to an exacerbation of the well know gains/loss asymmetry problem (Horowitz and McConnell, 2002). A split sample choice experiment (CE) is described in which standard approaches to conveying a land use change scenario (relying principally on numeric information) are contrasted with an alternative treatment in which objectively identical information is presented in visual form via virtual reality (VR) visualisations. A third treatment combines both formats. Results show that the gains/loss asymmetry is roughly twice as strong under a conventional numeric CE design than in the presence of visual information. The combined VRCE methodology developed in the paper therefore significantly ameliorates this pervasive anomaly and, we contend, represents an exciting prospect for the incorporation of complex real world environments within economic analyses.
Abstract.
Bateman IJ, Day BH, Georgiou S, Lake I (2006). The aggregation of environmental benefit values: Welfare measures, distance decay and total WTP.
Ecological Economics,
60(2), 450-460.
Abstract:
The aggregation of environmental benefit values: Welfare measures, distance decay and total WTP
We review the literature regarding the aggregation of benefit value estimates for non-market goods. Two case studies are presented through which we develop an approach to aggregation which applies the spatial analytic capabilities of a geographical information system to combine geo-referenced physical, census and survey data to estimate a spatially sensitive valuation function. These case studies show that the common reliance upon political rather than economic jurisdictions and the use of sample mean values within the aggregation process are liable to lead to significant errors in resultant values. We also highlight the fact that for resources with use values then we should expect overall values to reduce with increasing distance from such sites, but that changes in the choice of welfare measure will determine whether such 'distance decay' is to be expected within values stated by those who are presently non-users. The paper concludes by providing recommendations for future improvements to the methodology. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Abstract.
DOI.
Atkinson G, Day BH, Mourato S (2006). Underground or overground? Measuring the visual disamenity from overhead electricity power lines. In Pearce DW (Ed) Valuing the Environment in Developed Countries, Edward Elgar.
2005
Day B (2005). Distribution-free estimation with interval-censored contingent valuation data: Troubles with turnbull?.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-33.
Abstract:
Distribution-free estimation with interval-censored contingent valuation data: Troubles with turnbull?
Contingent valuation (CV) surveys frequently employ elicitation procedures that return interval-censored data on respondents' willingness to pay (WTP). Almost exclusively, CV practitioners have applied Turnbull's self-consistent algorithm to such data in order to obtain nonparametric maximum likelihood (NPML) estimates of the WTP distribution. This paper documents two failings of Turnbull's algorithm; (1) that it may not converge to NPML estimates and (2) that it may be very slow to converge. With regards to (1) we propose new starting and stopping criteria for the algorithm that guarantee convergence to the NPML estimates. With regards to (2) we present a smorgasbord of alternative NPML estimators and demonstrate, through Monte Carlo simulations, their performance advantages over Turnbull's algorithm.
Abstract.
2004
Atkinson G, Day B, Mourato S, Palmer C (2004). 'Amenity' or 'eyesore'? Negative willingness to pay for options to replace electricity transmission towers.
Applied Economics Letters,
11(4), 203-208.
Abstract:
'Amenity' or 'eyesore'? Negative willingness to pay for options to replace electricity transmission towers
A frequent scenario in public decision-making is that of choosing between a number of proposed changes from the status quo. In such a case, stated preference surveys, such as the contingent valuation method, are often undertaken to assess the size of the benefits associated with each proposed change. For certain undesirable options, respondents may prefer the status quo; however, it may not be credible to directly elicit negative willingness to pay or willingness to accept to endure the change. This study, using contingent valuation, outlines an indirect means of measuring negative willingness to pay - for the problem of visual disamenity arising from alternative electricity transmission tower designs - based on the elicitation of indicators of how inconvenienced respondents would feel if a less preferred option were to replace the status quo; that is, the time and cost respondents were prepared to commit to opposing the change. The results show that taking account of negative willingness to pay matters and this significantly changes value estimates for some of the least liked options. © 2004 Taylor and Francis Ltd.
Abstract.
DOI.
Ready R, Navrud S, Day B, Dubourg R, Machado F, Mourato S, Spanninks F, Rodriquez MXV (2004). Benefit Transfer in Europe: How Reliable Are Transfers between Countries?.
Environmental and Resource Economics,
29(1), 67-82.
DOI.
Ready R, Navrud S, Day BH, Duborg R, Machado F, Mourato S, Spanninks F, Rodriguez M (2004). Contingent valuation of ill health caused by pollution: Testing for context and ordering effects. Portuguese Economic Journal, 3, 145-156.
Day B, Bateman I, Lake I (2004). Nonlinearity in hedonic price equations: an estimation strategy using model-based clustering.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-82.
Abstract:
Nonlinearity in hedonic price equations: an estimation strategy using model-based clustering
Recent advances in the theoretical understanding of equilibria in property markets predict that the equilibrium hedonic price function will typically be highly nonlinear. Rather than adopting progressively more flexible econometric specifications to deal with this nonlinearity we adopt an alternative estimation strategy based on a further insight provided by the theoretical literature. That insight is that in equilibrium the market may not be characterised by a continuum of properties over attribute space. Rather the market may well be lumpy, being well-provided with properties exhibiting certain combinations of characteristics and sparsely provided elsewhere. We test the predictions of two different models; one that suggests that the market will be characterised by clusters of properties with similar physical attributes, one that the market will be characterised by clusters of neighbourhoods exhibiting similar socioeconomic compositions. We identify clusters by applying techniques of model-based clustering which allow the data to inform on the nature and the number of clusters. Our estimation strategy for handling nonlinearity, therefore, is to avoid estimating the hedonic price function over the entire attribute space. Rather, we fit separate price functions for the properties in each cluster thereby forming local approximations to the hedonic price surface over the attribute area spanned by the properties in each cluster. Finally we test to see which partitioning of the data, either according to the attributes of properties or the socioeconomics of neighbourhoods, is capable of explaining more of the variability in the data.
Abstract.
Bateman IJ, Day BH, Dupont D, Georgiou S (2004). OOH LA LA: Testing the one-and-one-half bound dichotomous choice elicitation method for robustness to anomalies.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-57.
Abstract:
OOH LA LA: Testing the one-and-one-half bound dichotomous choice elicitation method for robustness to anomalies
Although attractive in terms of its incentive compatibility, the standard single bound (SB) dichotomous choice technique for eliciting willingness to pay (WTP) responses in contingent valuation surveys has a major drawback in terms of its low statistical efficiency. While alternatives such as the double bound (DB) approach (which supplements an initial SB style question concerning a specified bid amount with a subsequent follow-up question concerning a different bid amount) offer improved statistical efficiency, they do so at the cost of compromised incentive compatibility and have also been shown to be vulnerable to a number of response anomalies. An innovative alternative, the one-and-one-half-bound (OOHB) dichotomous choice approach, has recently been proposed by Cooper, Hanemann and Signorello (2002). The OOHB differs from the DB in a number of important respects; the most important being that while each respondent is again exposed to two bid amounts, these are presented prior to any response as upper and lower limits on the cost of schemes. This preserves the incentive compatibility of responses concerning those two limits while generating most of the efficiency gains afforded by the DB method. However, Cooper, Hanemann and Signorello fail to test the method for robustness against response anomalies. Such a test is provided by the present paper. A number of theoretical consistency hypotheses are formulated by contrasting standard expectations with those derived from non-standard reference dependent utility theory. These are tested through the first application of the OOH method within its intended public goods context in a study concerning WTP for remediating impacts upon water quality associated with climate change. Data is collected through a face-to-face survey of over 1250 UK households. Results reject the theoretical consistency of elicited WTP responses showing that the OOHB is highly vulnerable to a number of anomalies. In particular acceptance rates for a given bid amount varied according to which other amount it was paired with and the order in which responses were elicited. We speculate upon the implications of these findings.
Abstract.
Day B, Bateman I, Lake I (2004). Omitted locationalvariates in hedonic analysis: a semiparametric approach using spatial statistics.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-58.
Abstract:
Omitted locationalvariates in hedonic analysis: a semiparametric approach using spatial statistics
A frequent assumption of hedonic price estimation using property market data is that spatial autocorrelation of regression residuals is a feature of the error generating process. Under this assumption, spatial error dependence models that impose a specific spatial structure on the error generating process provide efficient parameter estimates. In this paper we argue that spatial autocorrelation is induced by spatial features influencing property prices that are not observed by the researcher. Whilst many of these features comprise the subtle nuances of location that might adequately be handled by modelling the error process, others may be substantive spatial features whose absence from the model is likely to induce omitted variable bias in the parameter estimates. Accordingly we propose an alternative estimation strategy. We use spatial statistics to determine the nature of spatial dependence in regression residuals. Subsequently we adopt a semiparametric smooth spatial effects estimator to account for omitted locational covariates over the spatial scale indicated by the spatial statistics. The parameter estimates from this model are found to differ significantly from those of a spatial error dependence model.
Abstract.
2003
Day B (2003). Submarket identification in property markets: a hedonic housing price model for Glasgow.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-50.
Abstract:
Submarket identification in property markets: a hedonic housing price model for Glasgow
This paper presents a hedonic housing price model for the city of Glasgow in Scotland. The major innovation of the research is the use of hierarchical clustering techniques to identify property submarkets defined by a combination of property types, locations and socioeconomic characteristics of inhabitants. Separate hedonic price functions are estimated for each submarket and these functions are shown to differ significantly across submarkets. Further, the paper illustrates the use of a generalised moments estimator proposed by Kelejian and Prucha that accounts for spatial autocorrelation in property prices. Spatial autocorrelation is shown to be an important consideration with this data. The principal motivation of the research is to provide an indication of the impact of road traffic noise on the market price of property. In all but one of the submarkets exposure to road traffic noise is shown to have a significant negative impact on property prices.
Abstract.
Day B, Bateman I, Lake I (2003). What price peace? a comprehensive approach to the specification and estimation of hedonic housing price models.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(1), 1-49.
Abstract:
What price peace? a comprehensive approach to the specification and estimation of hedonic housing price models
Previous work on hedonic price functions tends to have focused on one of a number of specification and estimation issues; namely, market segmentation, choice of functional form, multicollinearity or spatial autocorrelation. The purpose of this paper is to bring together these various strands to provide a comprehensive modelling approach. In particular we use a combination of factor analysis and cluster analysis to define market segments and reduce collinearity in the data. We adopt Robinson's semiparametric specification of the hedonic price function and account for spatial autocorrelation using Kelejian and Prucha's generalized moments estimator. The modelling approach is applied to a large and extremely detailed dataset for the City of Birmingham constructed from multiple data sources and compiled with the use of GIS. The focus of this application is the identification of implicit prices for noise pollution from road, rail and air traffic sources.
Abstract.
2002
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Acronyms. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Aggregation. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Analysis of choice modelling data. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Analysis of contingent valuation data. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman IJ, Jones AP, Lovett AA, Lake IR, Day BH (2002). Applying Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to environmental and resource economics.
Environmental and Resource Economics,
22(1-2), 219-269.
Abstract:
Applying Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to environmental and resource economics
Many of the analyses undertaken by environmental and resource economics are intimately concerned with spatial variations. This article examines the contribution which Geographical Information Systems (GIS) may provide in incorporating the complexities of the spatial dimension within such analyses. The paper introduces the reader to the types of data handled by a GIS and overviews the practical functionality offered by such systems. A brief literature review is supplemented by a number of more detailed applications illustrating various GIS techniques which may be of use to the applied environmental or resource economist.
Abstract.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Cautions, caveats and future directions. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Combining revealed and states preference techniques. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Commissioning a states preference study. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Designing a choice modelling questionnaire. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Designing a contingent valuation questionnaire. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman IJ, Carson RT, Day B, Hanemann WM, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G, Mourato S, Ozdemiroolu E, et al (2002). Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques: a Manual., Elgar Publishing.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Foreword. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Introduction. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Population, sample and survey mode. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Reporting. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). The authors. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). The foundations of economic valuation. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Bateman I, Carson R, Day B, Hanemann M, Hanley N, Hett T, Jones-Lee M, Loomes G (2002). Validity and reliability. In (Ed)
Economic Valuation with Stated Preference Techniques.
DOI.
Day BH, Mourato S (2002). Valuing river water quality in China. In Pearce DW, Pearce C, Palmer C (Eds.) Valuing the Environment in Developing Countries, Edward Elgar.
Day BH (2002). Valuing visits to game parks in South Africa. In Pearce DW, Pearce C, Palmer C (Eds.) Valuing the Environment in Developing Countries, Edward Elgar.
2001
Nunes LC, Cunha-e-Sá MA, Ducla-Soares MM, Rosado MA, Day BH (2001). Identifying non-consistent choice behavior in recreation demand models.
Economics Letters,
72(3), 403-410.
DOI.
Bateman IJ, Day BH, Lake IR, Lovett AA (2001). The effect of road traffic on residential property values. The Stationery Office, the Stationery Office.
2000
Lake IR, Lovett AA, Bateman IJ, Day BH (2000). Improving land compensation procedures via GIS and hedonic pricing.
Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy,
18(6), 681-696.
Abstract:
Improving land compensation procedures via GIS and hedonic pricing
One of the results of new road construction is often a reduction in the price of nearby properties. In the United Kingdom property owners can be compensated for this loss through the Land Compensation Act. The appropriate level of compensation is currently determined by valuers and is mainly based upon their expertise and skill. This study aims to determine what the correct level of compensation should be. It has been specifically designed to fulfil the requirements of current legislation and can be integrated into existing compensation procedures. This was achieved through a hedonic pricing study that relates current property prices to a wide range of factors. These variables include the structure, neighbourhood, accessibility, and environment of the property, in addition to the impact of nearby roads. These were all created through GIS and large-scale digital data. The study, which is based on over 3500 property sales in Glasgow, Scotland, suggests that property prices were depressed by 0.202% for each decibel increase in road noise. This result has enabled a more streamlined compensation procedure to be developed and demonstrates that compensation claims can be estimated at the road-development stage. This would allow any compensation claims to be assessed prior to road construction and inform the design of noise-reduction measures.
Abstract.
DOI.
Lake IR, Lovett AA, Bateman IJ, Day B (2000). Using gis and large-scale digital data to implement hedonic pricing studies.
International Journal of Geographical Information Science,
14(6), 521-541.
Abstract:
Using gis and large-scale digital data to implement hedonic pricing studies
This paper describes how a standard GIS package can be used to convert large-scale vector digital data (point, line and annotation features) into polygons using standardised and replicable methods. Building area, garden and land use polygons are all derived from such data (Ordnance Survey LandLine.Plus). These entities are then combined with further sources of digital data to derive more refined information such as property types. Finally, complex DEMs are developed for use in visibility studies. The variables calculated are subsequently employed in a property valuation study where many are found to be significant determinants of property price. The main exception is variables relating to viewsheds, although it is argued that this does not invalidate the techniques used in their deviation but highlights the difficulties involved in modelling a large number of variables in a property price analysis. © 2000 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Abstract.
DOI.
1999
Swanson T, Day B, Mourato S (1999). Valuing water quality in China: Purpose, approach and policy.
Journal of Environmental Sciences,
11(3), 309-315.
Abstract:
Valuing water quality in China: Purpose, approach and policy
The economic valuation of water quality in a rapidly developing country such as China should be undertaken to determine when the benefits from rapid growth begin to exceed the costs from the same. The best approach is to ascertain the total economic valuation of the environmental resource. This includes all of the various uses of the resource, and even those values that are unconnected to individual use (e.g. natural and aesthetic values). A method known as contingent valuation (CV) is used to ascertain these forms of value. This approach is demonstrated here in an application to river water quality in the Beijing area. A CV study is reported in which Beijing area citizens reported an average willingness to pay about 1.3% of annual income in order to prevent further deterioration of river water quality. Aggregation over the representative population indicates that the perceived cost of further river quality deterioration is in the neighbourhood of USD 60 million. Such a measure provides some indication of the socially desired 'stopping point'- in the pursuit of economic growth at the expense of environmental quality.
Abstract.
1998
Day B, Mourato S (1998). Willingness to pay for water quality maintenance in Chinese rivers.
Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment(WM 98-02).
Abstract:
Willingness to pay for water quality maintenance in Chinese rivers
Industrial expansion around Beijing in China has resulted in the increasing pollution of surface waters. This paper reports on the application of a contingent valuation survey to determine the value to the Beijing population of maintaining river water quality in one or all th rivers in the region. The survey revealed that the values that the population have for clean river water include a considerable non-use element. The valuation question included a referendum question to determine whether respondents were willing to pay anything to maintain river water quality. Those expressing a positive willingness to pay (WTP), faced a double-bounded dichotomous choice valuation question. The data are analysed using a combined spike model and willingness to pay model, in which the most appropriate form for the underlying WTP distribution is determined using the Box-Cox transformation. The average annual household WTP to maintain water quality in all the rivers around Beijing is found to be significantly higher than for any individual river, showing that respondents are sensitive to the scale of the proposed water quality improvements.
Abstract.